B21C:
Bridging Microbial Ecology to Geochemistry: Insight from Environmental and Experimental Studies I Posters


Session ID#: 10339

Session Description:
For >3.5 Ga, microorganisms have been shaping the Earth geo-biosphere through the formation and dissolution of carbonates.  The use of biogenic carbonate as signatures of past life is largely constrained by our knowledge of modern analogs. Moreover in our rapidly changing world it is crucial to better understand how microbes mineralize carbon dioxide into mineral carbonates. Our current knowledge stems from both environmental surveys and cultivation of biomineralizing microorganisms, examining mineral nucleation and growth, metabolic mechanisms, biogeochemical constrains and microbe-mineral interfaces. This session aims at bringing together studies of natural modern systems and experimental work pinpointing the mechanisms of microbial carbonate formation and dissolution. We therefore invite contributions from field- and laboratory-based studies exploring both prokaryotic systems (especially cyanobacterial) and protists.
Primary Convener:  Estelle Couradeau, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
Conveners:  Michael J Wilkins, Ohio State University Main Campus, Columbus, OH, United States, Anne E Dekas, Stanford University, Earth System Science, Stanford, United States and Talitha Santini, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia
Chairs:  Estelle Couradeau, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States and Anne E Dekas, Stanford University, Earth System Science, Stanford, United States
OSPA Liaison:  Estelle Couradeau, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
Index Terms:

0419 Biomineralization [BIOGEOSCIENCES]
0448 Geomicrobiology [BIOGEOSCIENCES]
0463 Microbe/mineral interactions [BIOGEOSCIENCES]
0465 Microbiology: ecology, physiology and genomics [BIOGEOSCIENCES]

Abstracts Submitted to this Session:

Direct Use of Mineral Carbonate for Autotrophy Among Euendolithic Cyanobacteria (63969)
Brandon Scott Guida, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States
Looking for Biosignatures in Carbonate Microbialites from the Laguna Negra, Argentinian Andes (72653)
Flavia Jaquelina Boidi, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina, Fernando Gomez, Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra, Córdoba, Argentina, David A Fike, Washington University, St. Louis, United States, Alexander S Bradley, Washington University in St. Louis, Department of Earth, Environmental, and Planetary Sciences, St. Louis, United States, Mariá E Farías, Planta Piloto de Procesos Industriales Microbiológicos, San Miguel de Tucuman, Argentina and Scott Randall Beeler, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
Elemental composition of extant microbialites: mineral and microbial carbon (71328)
Luisa I Falcón1, Patricia M Valdespino-Castillo1, Hoi-ying N Holman2, Martin Merino-Ibarra3, Mariana García-Guzmán1,4, Luz María del Refugio López-Gómez3, Jesús Martínez1, Rocio J Alcantara-Hernandez5, Yislem Beltran4, Carla Centeno6, Daniel Cerqueda-Garcia1,4, Teresa Pi-Puig7 and F. Sergio Castillo3, (1)UNAM National Autonomous University of Mexico, Instituto de Ecología, Mexico City, Mexico, (2)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States, (3)UNAM, ICMyL, Mexico City, Mexico, (4)Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Mexico City, Mexico, (5)Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Instituto de Geología, Mexico City, Mexico, (6)IPN, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Mexico City, Mexico, (7)UNAM, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Instituto de Geología, Mexico City, Mexico
Applying Reactive Barrier Technology to Enhance Microbially-mediated Denitrification during Managed Aquifer Recharge (72814)
Sarah Beganskas1, Walker Blackburn Weir2, Ryan Ellis Harmon3, Galen Gorski2, Andrew T Fisher4, Chad Saltikov5, Kyle Stoddard Young6, Devin Runneals7, E. K. Teo3, Brendon Stoneburner8 and Jaime Hernandez9, (1)University of California Santa Cruz, Earth and Planetary Sciences Department, Santa Cruz, CA, United States, (2)University of California, Santa Cruz, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Santa Cruz, CA, United States, (3)University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States, (4)University of California Santa Cruz, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Santa Cruz, CA, United States, (5)University of California, Santa Cruz, Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology, Santa Cruz, CA, United States, (6)University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, United States, (7)Cabrillo College, Aptos, CA, United States, (8)UC Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States, (9)University of California Santa Cruz, Microbiology and Environmental Toxicology Department, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
AMS Carbon-14 Dating of Microbial Carbonates of Shallow-Water Holocene Coral Reefs in the Philippines (76404)
Shou-Yeh Gong, National Museum of Natural Science, Geology, Taichung, Taiwan, Prof. Hong-Chun Li, PhD, NTU National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan and Fernando Pascual Siringan, Marine Science Institute, University of the Philippines, Metro Manila, Philippines
Evidence of Substrate Specialization among Euendolithic Cyanobacteria from Mona Island, Puerto Rico (81399)
Estelle Couradeau1, Daniel Roush1, Brandon Scott Guida1 and Ferran Garcia-Pichel2, (1)Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, United States, (2)Arizona State University, School of Life Sciences, Tempe, AZ, United States
Biodegradation of thiocyanate in mining-contaminated groundwater (65795)
Liam Patrick Spurr, Mathew Paul Watts and John W Moreau, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
Hydrologic Controls on Modern Microbialite Formation (83178)
John G Warden1, Lee Coshell2, Micheal Rosen3, Dan Breecker4, Katinka X Ruthrof5, Christopher Ross Omelon1 and Philip C Bennett1, (1)University of Texas at Austin, Department of Geological Sciences, Austin, TX, United States, (2)Coshell and Associates, South Perth, Australia, (3)USGS, Carson City, NV, United States, (4)The University of Texas at Austin, Jackson School of Geosciences, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Austin, United States, (5)Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia
Studying microfungi-mineral interactions in sulphide-bearing waste-rock dumps: a 7 years survey in the Libiola mine, North-Eastern Italy (71888)
Pietro Marescotti, Grazia Cecchi, Simone Di Piazza, Gabriella Lucchetti and MIrca Zotti, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
Microbial Carbonate Precipitation by Synechococcus PCC8806, LS0519 and Synechocystis PCC6803 on Concrete Surfaces and in Low Saturation Solution (84584)
Tingting Zhu, Yuchen Lin and Maria Dittrich, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
Using the urtA Gene to Profile Nitrogen Stress Adaptation and Spatio-Temporal Abundance of Synechococcus Clades in the California Current System (80959)
Titash Chatterjee1, Irina N Shilova2 and Jonathan P Zehr2, (1)University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States, (2)University of California Santa Cruz, Ocean Sciences, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
Biogeochemistry of Antimony(V) in Microcosms under Sulfidogenic Conditions (74158)
Edward J O'Loughlin1, Clayton R Johnson2,3, Dionysios A Antonopoulos3, Maxim Boyanov4,5, Theodore M Flynn3, Jason C Koval3 and Ken M Kemner3, (1)Argonne National Laboratory, Biosciences Division, Argonne, United States, (2)University of Notre Dame, Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering & Earth Sciences, South Bend, IN, United States, (3)Argonne National Laboratory, Biosciences Division, Argonne, IL, United States, (4)Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Sofia, Bulgaria, (5)Argonne National Laboratory, Biosciences Division, Lemont, United States
Vertical Microbial Community Variability of Carbonate-based Cones may Provide Insight into Formation in the Rock Record (85371)
Caitlin Bojanowski1, Christopher Trivedi2, Leslie Keiclyn Daille3, James Bradley4, Hope Johnson5, Blake W Stamps6, Bradley S. Stevenson7, William Berelson8, Frank A Corsetti8 and John R Spear9, (1)University of Dayton, Dayton, OH, United States, (2)Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, United States, (3)Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Santiago, Chile, (4)University of Bristol, School of Geographical Sciences, Bristol, United Kingdom, (5)California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, United States, (6)University of Oklahoma Norman Campus, Microbiology and Plant Biology, Norman, OK, United States, (7)Northwestern University, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Evanston, United States, (8)University of Southern California, Department of Earth Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States, (9)Colorado School of Mines, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Golden, CO, United States
Microbial abundance in lacustrine sediments: a case study from Lake Van, Turkey (66834)
Jens Kallmeyer, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany, Jan Axel Kitte, GFZ Potsdam, Geomicrobiology, Potsdam, Germany, Sina Grewe, University of Potsdam, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Potsdam, Germany and Clemens Glombitza, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
Microbial community succession in alkaline, saline bauxite residue: a cross-refinery study (77411)
Talitha Santini1, Laura I Malcolm1, Gene W. Tyson2 and Lesley A Warren3, (1)University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia, (2)University of Queensland, Center for Microbiome Research, Woolloongabba, Australia, (3)McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
Biogeochemistry of metalliferous mine tailings during phytostabilizatio (83331)
Robert A Root1, Corin Hammond1, Yadi Wang2, Raina M Maier3 and Jon Chorover4, (1)University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, (2)University of Arizona, Environmental Science, Tucson, United States, (3)University of Arizona, Department of Soil, Water and Environmental Science, Tucson, AZ, United States, (4)University of Arizona, Department of Environmental Science, Tucson, United States
Geochemical and Textural Comparison of Modern and Ancient Freshwater Microbial Mud: A Direct Calibration in the Florida Everglades (85573)
Chelsea Pederson1, James Klaus2, Donald F McNeill2 and Peter K Swart3, (1)University of Miami, Department of Marine Geosciences - RSMAS, Miami, FL, United States, (2)University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States, (3)University of Miami, Department of Marine Geosciences, Miami, FL, United States
Manganese Influences Carbonate Precipitation in a Laminated Microbial Mat (85958)
Megan Krusor1, Sharon L Grim2, Dylan Wilmeth3, Hope Johnson4, William Berelson5, Bradley S. Stevenson6, Blake W Stamps7, Frank A Corsetti3 and John R Spear8, (1)University of California Davis, Davis, CA, United States, (2)University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, (3)University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States, (4)California State University Fullerton, Fullerton, CA, United States, (5)University of Southern California, Earth Sciences, Los Angeles, United States, (6)Northwestern University, Earth and Planetary Sciences, Evanston, United States, (7)University of Oklahoma Norman Campus, Microbiology and Plant Biology, Norman, OK, United States, (8)Colorado School of Mines, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Golden, CO, United States
Bacterial Cell Surface Adsorption of Rare Earth Elements (86704)
Yongqin Jiao1, Dan Park1, David W Reed2, Yoshiko Fujita2, Mimi Yung3, Andre Anderko4 and Ali Eslamimanesh4, (1)Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Livermore, CA, United States, (2)Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, United States, (3)Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, United States, (4)OLI Systems, Inc., Cedar Knolls, NJ, United States
Molecular evidence for a microbial role in ooid formation and preservation of molecular biosignatures in ancient oolite (73020)
Shane Stephen O'Reilly1, Amelia Winter2, Sharon A Newman3, Sara B Pruss4, Giulio Mariotti5, Tanja Bosak6, Vanja Klepac-Ceraj2, Frank Patrick McDermott7 and Roger E Summons3, (1)Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, Cambridge, MA, United States, (2)Wellesley College, Wellesley, MA, United States, (3)Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, (4)Smith College, Geosciences, Northampton, MA, United States, (5)Louisiana State University, Department of Oceanography & Coastal Science, Baton Rouge, United States, (6)Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Cambridge, United States, (7)University College Dublin, UCD School of Earth Sciences, Belfield, Dublin 4, Dublin, Ireland
Effects of Light Stress on Extracellular Cycling in a Cyanobacterial Biofilm Community (80756)
Rhona Stuart1, Xavier Mayali1, Jennifer Pett-Ridge1, Peter K Weber2, Michael P Thelen1, Brad Bebout3 and Mary Suzanne Lipton4, (1)Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States, (2)Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Livermore, United States, (3)NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, United States, (4)Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Environmental and Molecular Sciences, Richland, WA, United States
Linking Sediment Microbial Communities to Carbon Cycling in High-Latitude Lakes (86169)
Joanne B Emerson1, Dr. Ruth K Varner, PhD2, Joel E Johnson3, Akosua Owusu-Dommey4, Morgan Binder4, Ben J. Woodcroft5, Martin Wik6, Nancy L Freitas7, Joel A Boyd8, Patrick M Crill9, Scott R Saleska10, Gene W. Tyson11 and Virginia Isabel Rich12, (1)University of California Davis, Plant Pathology, Davis, CA, United States, (2)University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States, (3)University of New Hampshire, Earth Sciences, Durham, NH, United States, (4)University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, United States, (5)University of Queensland, Center for Microbiome Research, Wooloongabba, Australia, (6)Stockholm University, Dept. of Geological Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden, (7)University of Arizona, Tucson, United States, (8)University of Queensland, St Lucia, Australia, (9)Stockholm University, Dept. of Geological Sciences and Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm, Sweden, (10)University of Arizona, Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Tucson, AZ, United States, (11)University of Queensland, Center for Microbiome Research, Woolloongabba, Australia, (12)Ohio State University, Department of Microbiology, Columbus, United States
2D-Visualization of metabolic activity with planar optical chemical sensors (optodes) (58476)
Robert R Meier and Gregor Liebsch, PreSens Precision Sensing GmbH, R&D Imaging Solutions, Regensburg, Germany
Genome-enabled Modeling of Microbial Biogeochemistry using a Trait-based Approach. Does Increasing Metabolic Complexity Increase Predictive Capabilities? (84152)
Eric King1, Ulas Karaoz2, Sergi Molins3, Nicholas Bouskill4, Karthik Anantharaman5, Harry R Beller2, Jillian F Banfield6, Carl I Steefel7 and Eoin Brodie8, (1)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Climate & Ecosystem Sciences Division, Berkeley, United States, (2)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States, (3)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Berkeley, CA, United States, (4)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Ecology, Berkeley, CA, United States, (5)University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States, (6)University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States, (7)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, United States, (8)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Berkeley, United States
Isolation, Identification and Phenotypic Characterization of Microcystin-Degrading Bacteria from Lake Erie (65798)
Anjali Krishnan, Kent State University Kent Campus, Kent, OH, United States and Xiaozhen Jen Mou, Kent State University, Department of Biology, Kent, OH, United States
Statistical Modeling to Predict N2O Production Within the Hyporheic Zone by Coupling Denitrifying Microbial Community Abundance to Geochemical and Hydrological Parameters (84806)
Tiffany B. Farrell1,2, Annika M Quick1, William Jeffery Reeder3, Shawn Benner1, Daniele Tonina4 and Kevin P Feris5, (1)Boise State University, Department of Geosciences, Boise, ID, United States, (2)Boise State University, Department of Biology, Boise, ID, United States, (3)University of Idaho, Center for Ecohydraulics Research, Moscow, United States, (4)University of Idaho, Center for Ecohydraulics Research, Moscow, ID, United States, (5)Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States
Investigating redox processes under diffusive and advective flow conditions using a coupled omics and synchrotron approach (73973)
Ken M Kemner1, Maxim Boyanov2, Theodore M Flynn3, Edward J O'Loughlin3, Dionysios A Antonopoulos1, Shelly Kelly4, Kelly Skinner5, Bhoopesh Mishra6, Scott C Brooks7, David B Watson7 and Wei-min Wu8, (1)Argonne National Laboratory, Biosciences Division, Argonne, IL, United States, (2)Bulgarian Academy of Science, Sophia, Bulgaria, (3)Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, United States, (4)EXAFS Analysis, Naperville, IL, United States, (5)Coskata, Chicago, IL, United States, (6)Illinois Institute of Technology, Physics, Chicago, IL, United States, (7)Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge, TN, United States, (8)Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, United States
Nitrogen cycling within an alluvial aquifer during groundwater fluctuations (79755)
Nicholas Bouskill1, Mark E Conrad2, Markus Bill3, Eoin Brodie2, Matthew Sean Forbes4, Karen L Casciotti5 and Kenneth Hurst Williams2, (1)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Ecology, Berkeley, CA, United States, (2)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Berkeley, United States, (3)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Berkeley, CA, United States, (4)Stanford University, Earth System Science, Stanford, CA, United States, (5)Stanford University, Earth System Science, Stanford, United States
Hydroecological Connections: Hyporheic Zone Weathering of Silicate Minerals Controls Diatom Biodiversity in Microbial Mats in Glacial Meltwater Streams of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica  (83007)
Diane M McKnight, University of Colorado Boulder, Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, Boulder, United States, Ivelisse Dyson, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States, Rhea Marie Esposito, National Ecological Observatory Network, Boulder, CO, United States, Michael N Gooseff, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, Boulder, CO, United States, William B Lyons, Ohio State University Main Campus, School of Earth Sciences, Columbus, United States and Kathleen Ann Welch, Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH, United States
Linking Metabolism, Elemental Cycles, and Environmental Conditions in the Deep Biosphere: Growth of a Model Extremophile, Archaeoglobus fulgidus, Under High-Pressure Conditions (81767)
Gina Carol Marie Oliver, Anais Cario and Karyn L Rogers, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY, United States
Identifying and Quantifying Chemical Forms of Sediment-Bound Ferrous Iron. (86272)
Matthias Kohler1, Douglas B Kent1, Barbara A Bekins2, Isabelle Cozzarelli3 and Gene-Hua Crystal Ng4, (1)USGS California Water Science Center Menlo Park, Menlo Park, CA, United States, (2)U.S. Geological Survey, Moffett Field, CA, United States, (3)U.S. Geological Survey, Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center, Reston, VA, United States, (4)University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
Colloidal precipitates related to Acid Mine Drainage: bacterial diversity and micro fungi-heavy metal interactions (77755)
Gabriella Lucchetti, Cristina Carbone, Sirio Consani, MIrca Zotti, Simone Di Piazza, Marina Pozzolini and Marco Giovine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS ON AEROBIC METHANE OXIDATION IN COASTAL WATERS (67808)
Lea Steinle1,2, Johanna Maltby2, Nadine Engbersen1, Jakob Zopfi1, Hermann Bange2, Marcus Elvert3, Kai-Uwe Hinrichs3, Annette Kock2, Moritz F Lehmann1, Tina Treude2,4 and Helge Niemann1,5, (1)University of Basel, Dept. of Environmental Sciences, Basel, Switzerland, (2)GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany, (3)MARUM / University of Bremen, Bremen, Germany, (4)University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, United States, (5)University of Tromsø, Centre for Arctic Gas Hydrates, Environment and Climate (CAGE), Tromsø, Norway
Application of fuel cell for pyrite and heavy metal containing mining waste (77163)
Haein Keum1, Won Jung Ju2, Eun Hea Jho1 and Kyoungphile Nam3, (1)Hankuk University of Foreign Studies, Yongin, Korea, Republic of (South), (2)Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of (South), (3)Seoul National University, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Seoul, South Korea
Characterization of Uranium Tolerance and Biomineralization Potential of Caulobacter crescentus (85231)
Dan Park, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Livermore, CA, United States
A trait based dynamic energy budget approach to explore emergent microalgal community structure (86062)
Yiwei Cheng1, Nicholas Bouskill2, Ulas Karaoz3, Haifeng Geng4, Todd Lane4, Jennifer Pett-Ridge5, Xavier Mayali5 and Eoin Brodie6, (1)Lawrence Berkeley National Lab, Marietta, GA, United States, (2)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Ecology, Berkeley, CA, United States, (3)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, United States, (4)Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, United States, (5)Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, United States, (6)Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Earth and Environmental Sciences Area, Berkeley, United States
The physical limits of metal reduction by long-range extracellular electron transfer, and the role of cytochrome-bound flavins (86560)
Kyle Michelson, University of Texas at Austin, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Austin, TX, United States, Robert A. Sanford, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Geology, Urbana, IL, United States, Albert J Valocchi, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Urbana, United States and Charles J Werth, The University of Texas at Austin, Fariborz Maseeh Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Austin, United States
The Role of Thaumarchaeota in N2O generation in an unconfined basalt-sandstone aquifer system, Western Victoria (Australia) (86725)
John W Moreau, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia and Emily Hepburn, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
A Model For Selecting An Environmentally Responsive Trait: Evaluating Micro-scale Fitness Through UV-C Resistance and Exposure in Escherichia coli. (84151)
Dominic John Schenone1, Semona Igama1, David Marash-Whitman1, Camilla Sloan2, Alexis Okansinski3, Amy Moffet4, Joseph M Grace5 and Diana Gentry6, (1)NASA Ames Research Center, Mountain View, CA, United States, (2)Cañada College, Redwood City, CA, United States, (3)College of San Mateo, San Mateo, CA, United States, (4)University of California Santa Cruz, Biomolecular Engineering, Santa Cruz, CA, United States, (5)NASA Ames Research Center, Biospheric Science Brance, Moffett Field, CA, United States, (6)Stanford University, Stanford, United States

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