A Study of Meridional Flow Patterns and the Solar Minimum in Cycle 24

Abstract:

Predicting the duration of solar cycles and changes within each cycle is challenging. Theoretical models, including the surface flux transport models and flux transport dynamo models, have been formulated and used for predicting the duration of solar cycles. In this study we present results that allow us to make predictions to the timing of the solar minima by analyzing the meridional flow patterns based on MDI and HMI data. We study the counter flow patterns in a wide range of latitudes, focusing on the relationship between the flow directions and the magnetic polarities. We show that the change in the direction of these flows may mark the end of the solar minima and may indicate the start of the next cycle. Our results provide us with a possible explanation towards the peculiar longevity of the last solar minimum.