Determining the Substorm Onset Instability Using Ground and Space-Based Measurements

Jonathan Rae1, Clare Watt2, Kyle R Murphy3, Colin Forsyth1, Zhonghua Yao4, Nadine M E Kalmoni4 and Ian Robert Mann5, (1)University College London, Mullard Space Science Laboratory, London, United Kingdom, (2)Northumbria University, Department of Mathematics, Physics and Electrical Engineering, Newcastle-Upon-Tyne, United Kingdom, (3)NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (4)University College London, London, United Kingdom, (5)University of Alberta, Department of Physics, Edmonton, AB, Canada