SM51D:
Birkeland Currents: Achievements since Iijima and Potemra (1976), and Challenges in Years to Come I Posters

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Session ID#: 12585

Session Description:
Birkeland currents play an essential role in transporting momentum and energy between the magnetosphere and ionosphere.  Forty years ago Iijima and Potemra [1976] identified the R1 and R2 systems and published their polar distribution (Iijima and Potemra’s diagram).  Now (i) the AMPERE project provides instantaneous global distributions of Birkeland currents, with which we can address the evolution of Birkeland currents during storms and substorms, (ii) multi-satellite missions such as SWARM and Cluster allow addressing spatio-temporal structures of small- and meso-scale Birkeland currents, and (iii) sophisticated global models allow studying individual magnetosphere-ionosphere (M-I) coupling processes in the context of global magnetospheric dynamics and making detailed comparisons with observations.  This special session seeks to integrate such recent progresses and to identify outstanding issues that we need to tackle in years to come.  The session welcomes presentations of observational, theoretical, and modeling studies of the M-I coupling with an emphasis on Birkeland currents.
Primary Convener:  Aoi Nakamizo, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Tokyo, Japan
Conveners:  Natalia Y Ganushkina, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland; University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, United States, Hermann J Opgenoorth, Umea University, Umea, Sweden and Lawrence J Zanetti, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, United States
Chairs:  Aoi Nakamizo, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Tokyo, Japan and Natalia Y Ganushkina, Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland; University of Michigan Ann Arbor, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
OSPA Liaison:  Aoi Nakamizo, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Tokyo, Japan
Index Terms:

2704 Auroral phenomena [MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS]
2721 Field-aligned currents and current systems [MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS]
2736 Magnetosphere/ionosphere interactions [MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS]
2760 Plasma convection [MAGNETOSPHERIC PHYSICS]

Abstracts Submitted to this Session:

Relation of field-aligned currents measured by AMPERE project to solar wind and substorms (165387)
Robert L McPherron, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, Brian J Anderson, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States and Dr. Xiangning Chu, University of California Los Angeles, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Los Angeles, United States
Temporal and Spatial Development of Birkeland and Electrojet Currents (135132)
Cameron Olson1, Brian J Anderson2, Jesper W Gjerloev3, Haje Korth3, Colin L Waters4 and Robin J Barnes5, (1)Augsburg College, Minneapolis, MN, United States, (2)The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, United States, (3)Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, United States, (4)University of Newcastle, Centre for Space Physics, New South Wales, Australia, (5)JHU/APL, Laurel, MD, United States
Observation of a Unipolar Field-aligned Current System Associated With IMF By-triggered Theta Auroras (155950)
Masakazu Watanabe, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan and Marc R Hairston, University of Texas at Dallas, William B. Hanson Center for Space Sciences, Richardson, TX, United States
Distribution of Region 1 and 2 currents in the quietand substorm time plasma sheetfrom THEMIS observations (152562)
Jiang Liu1, Vassilis Angelopoulos2, Dr. Xiangning Chu3 and Robert L McPherron1, (1)University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States, (2)University of California Los Angeles, Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, Los Angeles, CA, United States, (3)University of California Los Angeles, Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, Los Angeles, United States
Field Aligned Currents Derived From Pressure Profiles Obtained From TWINS ENA Images for Geomagnetic Storms That Occurred On 01 June 2013 and 17 March 2015. (161714)
Keith Wood1, J D Perez1, Jerry Goldstein2, David J McComas3 and Philip W Valek2, (1)Auburn University, Physics Department, Auburn, AL, United States, (2)Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States, (3)Princeton University, Office of the VP for the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, NJ, United States
On the Spatio-Temporal Variability of Field-Aligned Currents Observed with the Swarm Satellite Constellation: Implications for the Energetics of Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling (181898)
Ivan Pakhotin1, Ian Robert Mann2, Colin Forsyth3, Jonathan Rae4, Johnathan K Burchill5, David J Knudsen5, Kyle R Murphy6, Jesper W Gjerloev7, Louis Ozeke2, Georgios Balasis8 and Ioannis A. Daglis9, (1)University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada, (2)University of Alberta, Department of Physics, Edmonton, AB, Canada, (3)University College London, Mullard Space Science Laboratory, London, United Kingdom, (4)University College London, London, United Kingdom, (5)University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada, (6)NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, United States, (7)Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, United States, (8)National Observatory of Athens (NOA), Institute for Astronomy, Astrophysics, Space Applications and Remote Sensing (IAASARS), Athens, Greece, (9)National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), Department of Physics, Athens, Greece
Distributioin, orientation and scales of the field-aligned currents measured by Swarm (177044)
Junying Yang, Beihang University, School of Space and Environment,Space Science Institute, Beijing, China and Malcolm Wray Dunlop, Beihang University, School of Astronautics, Beijing, China
Alfvenic Generation of Field-Aligned Currents and Displacement Currents in the M-I Coupling System and the Formation of Discrete Auroral Arcs (193728)
Yan Song, University of Minnesota, School of Physics and Astronomy, Minneapolis, MN, United States and Robert L Lysak, University of Minnesota, School of Physics and Astronomy, Minneapolis, United States
Magnetosphere – ionosphere coupling process in the auroral region estimated from auroral tomography (187218)
Yoshimasa Tanaka1, Yasunobu Ogawa1, Akira Kadokura1, Björn Gustavsson2, Kirsti Kauristie3, Daniel K Whiter4, Carl-Fredrik T Enell5, Urban Brandstrom6, Tima Sergienko6, Noora Partamies7, Alexander Kozlovsky8, Hiroshi Miyaoka9 and Michael J Kosch10, (1)NIPR National Institute of Polar Research, Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan, (2)UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Department of Physics and Technology, Tromsø, Norway, (3)Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland, (4)University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom, (5)EISCAT Scientific Association, Kiruna, Sweden, (6)IRF Swedish Institute of Space Physics Kiruna, Kiruna, Sweden, (7)University Centre in Svalbard, Longyearbyen, Norway, (8)Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, Sodankylä, Finland, (9)NIPR National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo, Japan, (10)South African National Space Agency, Hermanus, South Africa
Two types of expansion onsets in the Earth's two hemispheres (146084)
Vladimir Mishin1, Vilen M Mishin2, Matthias Foerster3, Marina Kurikalova1, Yuri Karavaev1 and Sergei Lunyushkin1, (1)Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics SB RAS, Irkutsk, Russia, (2)Inst Solar Terrestrial Physics, Irkutsk, Russia, (3)Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
Field-aligned Currents Induced by Electrostatic Polarization at the Ionosphere: Application to the Poleward Boundary Intensification (PBI) of Auroral Emission (144468)
Shinichi Ohtani, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, United States and Akimasa Yoshikawa, Kyushu University, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
Generalized Description of Three-Dimensional Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling by Shear Alfvén Waves (144617)
Akimasa Yoshikawa, Kyushu University, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan, Aoi Nakamizo, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Tokyo, Japan and Shinichi Ohtani, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, Laurel, MD, United States
Possibility of Ionospheric Cause of FACs and Convection Field in the Magnetosphere-Ionosphere System: The Harang Reversal, Premidnight Upward-FAC, and the Ionospheric Hall Polarization Field (144536)
Aoi Nakamizo, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Tokyo, Japan and Akimasa Yoshikawa, Kyushu University, Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan

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