Impacts of Extreme Space Weather Events on Power Grid Infrastructure: Physics-Based Modelling of Geomagnetically-Induced Currents (GICs) During Carrington-Class Geomagnetic Storms

Michael G Henderson1, Russell Bent1, Yuxi Chen2, Gian Luca Delzanno1, Christopher Andrew Jeffery1, Vania K Jordanova1, Steven Morley3, Michael K Rivera1, Gabor Toth4, Daniel T Welling4, Jesse R Woodroffe1 and Miles Engel1, (1)Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, United States, (2)Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory, Princeton, United States, (3)Los Alamos National Laboratory, Space Science and Applications, Los Alamos, United States, (4)University of Michigan, Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering, Ann Arbor, United States