Combining laboratory results, numerical modeling, and in situ measurements to investigate the relative contributions of homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation to ice formation in the tropical tropopause layer
Eric J Jensen1, Bernd Karcher2, Rei Ueyama3, Leonhard Pfister3, Thaopaul V Bui4, Glenn S Diskin5, Joshua P DiGangi6, Sarah Woods7, Paul Lawson8, Karl D Froyd9 and Daniel M Murphy10, (1)National Center for Atmospheric Research, Atmospheric Chemistry Observations and Modeling Laboratory, Boulder, CO, United States, (2)German Aerospace Center DLR Oberpfaffenhofen, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany, (3)NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA, United States, (4)NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, United States, (5)NASA Langley Research Center, Chemistry and Dynamics Branch, Hampton, United States, (6)NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, United States, (7)SPEC Inc., Boulder, CO, United States, (8)SPEC Inc, Boulder, CO, United States, (9)CIRES, Boulder, United States, (10)NOAA, Chemical Sciences Laboratory, Boulder, United States
