V31C:
The 2018 Eruptions of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaii, and Fernandina and Sierra Negra Volcanoes, Galápagos II


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Session ID#: 63852

Session Description:
In 2018 the eruption of Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, ongoing since 1983, took a dramatic turn when a series of new fissures opened on the East Rift Zone. Fast-moving lava flows from these fissures caused danger to life, inundation of property, and fumigation of the area with vog (volcanic sulfate aerosol) and laze (steam laden with hydrochloric acid) as they entered the Pacific Ocean. During the increase in activity, a powerful earthquake occurred on the south flank, the largest there since 1975, and the lava level at the summit of the volcano decreased, causing a number of ash-rich explosions which prompted temporary closure of the Hawaii Volcanoes National Park.

In June 2018 both Fernandina and Sierra Negra volcano, Galápagos erupted. The June 16 Fernandina eruption lasted only a few days, but the June 26 Sierra Negra eruption is ongoing, and occurred after months of increasing earthquake activity and rapid inflation, with lava flows from vents on the northern caldera rim and northern flank. This session seeks a breadth of contributions focusing on the Kilauea, Fernandina and Sierra Negra eruptions, including magmatic and tectonic processes, volcanic and earthquake hazard, atmospheric chemistry, remote sensing, instrumentation, volcano-modeling; and the management and consequences of the eruption in terms of impact and risk mitigation.

Primary Convener:  Ingrid A Johanson, USGS, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Hilo, United States
Conveners:  Matthew R Patrick, USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Hilo, United States, Gregory P Waite, Michigan Technological University, Geological & Mining Engineering & Sciences, Houghton, MI, United States and Claire J. Horwell, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
Primary Liaison:  Ingrid A Johanson, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Hilo, United States
Chairs:  Ingrid A Johanson, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Hilo, United States and Matthew R Patrick, USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Hilo, United States
OSPA Liaison:  Gregory P Waite, Michigan Technological University, Geological & Mining Engineering & Sciences, Houghton, MI, United States
Co-Organized with:
Volcanology, Geochemistry and Petrology, and Tectonophysics

Cross-Listed:
  • GH - GeoHealth
  • IN - Earth and Space Science Informatics
  • S - Seismology
  • T - Tectonophysics

Proposed Co-Organized Session with:
  • GH - GeoHealth
  • IN - Earth and Space Science Informatics
  • S - Seismology
  • T - Tectonophysics
Index Terms:

8499 General or miscellaneous [VOLCANOLOGY]

Abstracts Submitted to this Session:

Infrasound from the Fissure 8 Lava Fountain on Kilauea’s Lower East Rift Zone (456249)
John J Lyons, Alaska Volcano Observatory Anchorage, USGS, Anchorage, AK, United States, David Fee, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, United States, Matthew R Patrick, USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, Hilo, United States, Weston A Thelen, USGS Cascades Volcano Observatory, Vancouver, United States and Hannah R Dietterich, U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Science Center, Alaska Volcano Observatory, Anchorage, United States
The rupture process of the 2018 Mw 6.9 Hawaiʻi earthquake as revealed by a genetic algorithm-based source imaging technique (427674)
Haiyang Kehoe, University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences, Tucson, AZ, United States, Eric Kiser, University of Arizona, Department of Geosciences, Tucson, United States and Paul Okubo, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory, U. S. Geological Survey, Hawaii National Park, HI, United States
Ground Deformation associated with the 2018 eruption of Sierra Negra volcano and the source mechanism of the initial M5.3 earthquake (461389)
Falk Amelung1, Elodie Brothelande2, Sara Mirzaee3, Peter C La Femina4, Gorki Ruiz5, Sanaz Vajedian6, Mahdi Motagh7, Mario Calixto Ruiz8, Patricia A Mothes9, Stephen Hernandez10, Simone Cesca11, Torsten Dahm6 and Andrew Forbes Bell12, (1)University of Miami, Department of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Miami, FL, United States, (2)Carnegie Institution for Science, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, Washington, DC, United States, (3)University of Miami, Department of Marine Geology and Geophysics, Miami, United States, (4)Pennsylvania State University Main Campus, Department of Geosciences, University Park, PA, United States, (5)Geophysics Institute of Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador, (6)Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany, (7)GFZ Helmholtz Center for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany, (8)Instituto Geofísico, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito, Ecuador, (9)Instituto Geofisico, Quito, Ecuador, (10)Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Instituto Geofísico, Quito, Ecuador, (11)Helmholtz Centre Potsdam GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Physics of Earthquakes and Volcanoes, Potsdam, Germany, (12)University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
The June 26, 2018 Eruption of Sierra Negra Volcano, Galapagos Islands, Ecuador: Pre-, Co- and Post-Eruptive Deformation from GPS Geodesy (450985)
Peter C La Femina, Pennsylvania State University Main Campus, Department of Geosciences, University Park, PA, United States, Andres Gorki Ruiz Paspuel, Coquimbo, Chile, Machel H Higgins, Florida International University, Department of Earth and Environment, Miami, FL, United States, Halldor Geirsson, University of Iceland, Institute of Earth Sciences, Reykjavik, Iceland, Dennis Geist, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, United States and Patricia A Mothes, Instituto Geofisico, Quito, Ecuador

See more of: Volcanology, Geochemistry and Petrology