Study of Deformation Bands in Ignimbrites in Shihtiping, Eastern Taiwan

Abstract:

Shihtiping is located at the coast of eastern Taiwan, where rocks are the products of subaerial eruption by Chimei Volcano in late Miocene. The major lithology is ignimbrite along with pyroclasts in various sizes. Deformation bands ubiquitously appear in such loose, high-porosity, rocks. This study aims at documenting the occurrence of the deformation bands, understanding their formation mechanism and discussing their tectonic implications.

There are two sets of deformation bands with orientations of N60°~80°E and N50°~70°W, respectively, in Shihtiping. The dip angles of both range from 70° to 90°. Commonly, the deformation bands are exposed as single trace or braided trace composed of several individuals. They can be traced easily because they are protruding owning to more weathering-resistant than the host rock. Thickness and separation of single deformation band are in the order of millimeter and millimeter to centimeter, respectively. Thickness of zone of deformation band ranges from few mm to tens of cm and total separation is commonly tens of cm. Based on microscopic examination, mineral assemblages in deformation bands usually include plagioclase, hornblende and augite. Although mineral assemblages are the same as host rock, clasts in deformation bands are rounder and smaller. Thus, it results in closed packing and porosity reduction within deformation bands.

Summed up the observations, the deformation bands in Shihtiping were formed by cataclasis and can be classified as cataclastic band. They may reflect the regional paelostress state but not accompanied with any tectonic fault.