Extending the core paradox posed by an early dynamo

Abstract:

New, higher values of core thermal conductivity, together with the reliance of any early geodynamo on thermal convection, represent a paradox (Olson, 2013). These factors suggest either early Earth lacked an internally-generated magnetic field or novel mechanisms for driving an early dynamo. The oldest record of past field strength from in situ igneous rocks comes from 3.4 to 3.45 Ga dacites of the Barberton and Nondweni Greenstone belts of South Africa. These analyses, based on single silicate crystals containing magnetic inclusions with ideal recording characteristics, indicate a field strength within 50 to 70% of the present-day field (Tarduno et al., 2010). Much older igneous rocks are generally not viable as paleomagnetic recorders because of their high metamorphic state (amphibolite grade or higher). Here we discuss extending Earth's magnetic field history further back in time using Archean and Hadean zircons hosting magnetic inclusions that are now found in younger sedimentary units of low metamorphic grade. Thellier-Coe paleointensity data passing reliability checks from zircons of the Jack Hills belt (Western Australia) suggest the presence of a magnetic field at 3.55 Ga, thereby extending the core paradox by 100 million years. We will discuss our continuing efforts to test for the presence/absence of a dynamo field between 3.55 Ga and 4.2 Ga.