Proton Cyclotron Waves Occurrence Rate Upstream From the Martian Bow Shock: Related Properties of the Planetary Proton Population and Dynamics of the Upper Atmosphere of Mars

Norberto Romanelli1, Christian Xavier Mazelle2, Jean-Yves Chaufray3, Karim Meziane4, Lican Shan5, Suranga Ruhunusiri6, John E P Connerney7, Jared R Espley8, Dr. Francis Gerard Eparvier, Ph.D.9, Edward Thiemann9, Jasper S Halekas10, David L Mitchell11, James P McFadden11, Dave A Brain12 and Bruce Martin Jakosky13, (1)LATMOS, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France, (2)IRAP, CNRS-UPS, Toulouse, France, (3)LATMOS/IPSL, UVSQ Université Paris-Saclay, Sorbonne Université, Guyancourt, France, (4)University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada, (5)Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China, (6)Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States, (7)Space Research Corporation, Annapolis, United States, (8)NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, United States, (9)Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Boulder, CO, United States, (10)University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, United States, (11)University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States, (12)University of Colorado at Boulder, Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, Boulder, United States, (13)Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States