Global scale variability of the mineral dust longwave refractive index from laboratory chamber experiments: re‒evaluation of its direct radiative effect
Claudia Di Biagio1, Paola Formenti2, Yves Balkanski3, Lorenzo Caponi2,4, Mathieu Cazaunau2, Edouard Pangui2, Emilie Journet2, Sophie Nowak5, Sandrine Caquineau6, Meinrat O Andreae7,8, Konrad Kandler9, Thuraya Saeed10, Stuart Piketh11, Dave Seibert12, Earle Williams13, Olivier Boucher14 and Jean-Francois Doussin2, (1)Université Paris Cité and Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, LISA, F-75013 Paris, France, Paris, France, (2)Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), CNRS UMR7583, Universités Paris-Est Créteil et Paris Diderot, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace (IPSL), Créteil, France, (3)LSCE, CEA CNRS UVSQ, Gif-Sur-Yvette Cedex, France, (4)Department of Physics&INFN, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy, (5)Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France, (6)UMR LOCEAN - IRD-Sorbonne Universités (UPMC Univ, Paris 06)-CNRS-MNHN, Paris, France, (7)King Saud University, Department of Geology and Geophysics, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, (8)Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Mainz, Germany, (9)Institute of Applied Geosciences, Technical University of Darmstadt (TUDa), Darmstadt, Germany, (10)College of Basic Education, PAAET, Al-Ardeya, Kuwait, (11)North-West University, Unit for Environmental Science and Management, Potchefstroom, South Africa, (12)Walden University, Minneapolis, United States, (13)Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United States, (14)Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Paris, France
