Early 20th Century Arctic Warming Intensified by Pacific and Atlantic Multidecadal Variability

Hiroki Tokinaga, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan, Shang-Ping Xie, UCSD, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, United States and Hitoshi Mukougawa, Disaster Prevention Research Institute, Kyoto University, Uji, Kyoto, Japan