The relation of tropical cyclone heat potential to tropical cyclone intensity in the western North Pacific and the simulations by an atmosphere-wave-ocean coupled model
The relation of tropical cyclone heat potential to tropical cyclone intensity in the western North Pacific and the simulations by an atmosphere-wave-ocean coupled model
Abstract:
Tropical cyclone heat potential (TCHP), a measure of the oceanic heat content from the surface to the 26°C-isotherm depth, has been used for tropical cyclone (TC) forecasting. This study shows different relations of TCHP to TC intensity simulations on Typhoons Man-yi and Haiyan in 2013. The numerical simulations were performed by an atmosphere-wave-ocean coupled model developed at the Meteorological Research Institute(MRI), Japan Meteorological Agency(JMA). The coupled model consists of a nonhydrostatic atmosphere model developed by the MRI and JMA, the third generation ocean wave model, MRI-III, and a multilayer ocean model.
Haiyan developed over the ocean in the low latitude with a relatively fast translation. The comparisons of Haiyan's simulations with the simulations for Typhoon Mike in 1990, which passed on the simular track to Haiyan, indicated that the moving speed of the tropical cyclone and its-induced sea surface cooling plays a crucial role in simulated rapid intensification and the minimum central pressure. High environmental TCHP supported the rapid intensification and maximum intensity. Unlike the Haiyan's case, Man-yi rapidly intensified north of 30°N near the Kuroshio front. High environmental TCHP certainly contributed to the rapid intensification during the early intensification phase. However, the mesovortex formed inside the radius of the maximum wind played a crucial role in the rapid intensification occurred north of 30°N near the Kuroshio front, where sea surface cooling clearly occurred on the right-hand side of the track. Thus, the role of TCHP on rapid intensification processes differs depending on the latitudinal location of TCs.
Haiyan developed over the ocean in the low latitude with a relatively fast translation. The comparisons of Haiyan's simulations with the simulations for Typhoon Mike in 1990, which passed on the simular track to Haiyan, indicated that the moving speed of the tropical cyclone and its-induced sea surface cooling plays a crucial role in simulated rapid intensification and the minimum central pressure. High environmental TCHP supported the rapid intensification and maximum intensity. Unlike the Haiyan's case, Man-yi rapidly intensified north of 30°N near the Kuroshio front. High environmental TCHP certainly contributed to the rapid intensification during the early intensification phase. However, the mesovortex formed inside the radius of the maximum wind played a crucial role in the rapid intensification occurred north of 30°N near the Kuroshio front, where sea surface cooling clearly occurred on the right-hand side of the track. Thus, the role of TCHP on rapid intensification processes differs depending on the latitudinal location of TCs.